Session 6: Panel Data and Fixed Effects

Published

28 05 2026

Modified

05 03 2026

Note

Date: Thursday, 28 May 2026, 16:00–19:00

Business question

Does better management quality lead to better firm performance — and does this relationship hold within countries?

Learning goals

  • Understand the logic of panel data (units observed over time)
  • Apply fixed effects estimation to control for unobserved unit-level heterogeneity
  • Distinguish within- vs. between-variation and interpret each
  • Use fixest for efficient fixed effects estimation

Dataset

wms-management-survey — manufacturing firms across 24 countries, 2004–2015 (World Management Survey). Management quality scores, firm characteristics, performance indicators.

Quarto skill introduced this session

Presenting panel model output cleanly with fixest and modelsummary: handling multiple fixed effects, notes on standard error clustering.

Important

Material will be available here before the session.